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The history of Onsen, a natural hot water spring, traces back to ancient times, with references found in the oldest Japanese text, the "Kojiki," dating back to the 8th century. According to legend, the mythical deity Izanagi used hot water to cleanse himself after returning from the underworld. This cleansing act is believed to have given birth to the first Onsen, symbolizing purification and spiritual rejuvenation.
In contemporary Japanese and Asian culture, Onsen remains a significant cultural and social aspect of life. It offers an opportunity for relaxation, unwinding from the stresses of daily life, and connecting with nature and loved ones. Onsen's experiences are deeply ingrained in traditional practices, such as communal bonding and fostering a sense of unity among visitors.
Located in the heart of Gunma Prefecture, Kusatsu Onsen is renowned for its abundant hot spring water. Surrounded by the majestic Japanese Alps, this tranquil retreat offers visitors a mountain landscape view. The therapeutic properties of its alkaline waters are said to relieve various ailments, including skin disorders and muscle fatigue. Kusatsu Onsen is also famous for its Yumomi performance, a traditional method of cooling down the hot spring water by vigorously stirring it with large wooden paddles.
Beppu Onsen, situated in Oita Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, is one of Japan's most geothermally active regions. Its dramatic and diverse hot spring landscape boasts a range of baths, including mud baths, steam baths, and sand baths. Beppu's "Hells of Beppu" (Jigoku) is a must-visit attraction. These hot springs (for viewing only) display fascinating thermal phenomena. Visitors can also indulge in the experience of dipping their feet in the "Umi Jigoku" (Sea Hell), featuring a vibrant cobalt-blue pond.
Located in the mountainous region of Gifu Prefecture, Gero Onsen offers a tranquil escape with stunning natural surroundings. Known for its exceptionally clear and smooth hot spring water, rich in beneficial minerals, Gero Onsen is highly regarded for its skin-enhancing properties. The town itself exudes a charm with its historic streets and traditional inns. Here, visitors can enjoy the therapeutic effects of the hot springs while immersing themselves in the local culture.
Nestled in the Rokko mountain range near Kobe, Arima Onsen is one of Japan's oldest hot spring resorts, with a history dating back over 1,300 years. This ancient retreat offers visitors two types the gold spring, known for its reddish-brown hue and believed to have healing properties for various ailments, and the silver spring, valued for its clear and refreshing qualities. Surrounded by lush forested hills, Arima Onsen provides a great environment for relaxation and rejuvenation.
Tucked away in the scenic Tohoku region, Nyuto Onsen offers a secluded and idyllic hot spring experience. Surrounded by dense beech forests, this collection of rustic and traditional Onsen inns provides a retreat into nature's embrace. The charm of Nyuto Onsen lies in its mixed-gender baths, where visitors can experience the age-old tradition of open-air bathing in a serene, unspoiled setting. The milky-white waters of Tsurunoyu Onsen, one of Nyuto's prominent hot springs, are also believed to possess healing properties.
Etiquette is vital for Japanese Onsens. For instance, some Onsens maintain a no-tattoo policy due to historical associations with organised crime. Also, guests should thoroughly cleanse themselves before entering the bath and maintain discretion while bathing. Nudity is customary, with a modesty towel allowed. Accordingly, separate bathing areas for men and women are observed. Lastly, keeping the water clean is important, so rinsing off soap residue is encouraged before entering an Onsen. Mobile phone use and photography are also discouraged.
